Covid-19 Pandemic And Mental Disorders

Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/110

Covid-19 Pandemic And Mental Disorders

  • Aliyev NA 1*
  • Aliyev ZN 2
  • 1* Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Azerbaijan State Advanced Training Institute, Baku, Azerbaijan
  • 2 Department of Psychiatry, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan

*Corresponding Author: Nadir A. Aliyev, Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Azerbaijan State Advanced Training Institute, Baku, Azerbaijan.

Citation: Aliyev NA and Aliyev ZN. COVID-19 pandemic and Mental disorders. J Clinical Research and Reports, 5(4); DOI:10.31579/2690-1919/110

Copyright: © 2020 Nadir A. Aliyev. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Received: 15 July 2020 | Accepted: 28 August 2020 | Published: 14 September 2020

Keywords: mental disorders; psychotic disorders; DSM-5; COVID-19; DSM-5; EEG

Abstract

Objective: The literature on psychiatric disorders associated with the coronavirus pandemic is scarce. In publications, indicate increased anxiety, depression, aggression of other mental disorders. However, there are practically isolated cases of mental disorders associated with a pandemic of coronavirus disease.

Materials and Methods: Eligible 50 participants to meeting the DSM-5 criteria for nosophobia, anxiety, and exacerbation of the main diseases of patients with mental.  

Results: All examined individuals showed various mental disorders.

Conclusion: despite the fact that the patients examined by us did not suffer from the disease, COVID-19, but they had mental disorders of varying degrees: from neurotic to psychotic disorders.

Introduction

Messages for the general population

1. The first problem. COVID-19 affects and can affect people from many countries in many geographical areas. When treating people with COVID-19, do not link the disease to any ethnic or nationality. Be merciful to all who are affected, to any country and those who come from it. People affected by COVID-19 have made no mistakes and deserve our support, compassion and mercy. disease caused by the virus itself, which is generally self-limiting, but can be fatal, especially in susceptible, elderly people.

2. The second problem. These are "People who have been treated for COVID-19", "People who have been treated for COVID-19" or "People who have been cured of COVID-19", and their families and loved ones will continue to work after they get rid of COVID-19. To reduce stigma, it is important to distinguish a person from having a personality as defined by COVID-19. Almost everyone who hears about the virus causes anxiety, worry, worry, and suffering.

3. The third problem. Minimize watching, reading or listening to disturbing news about COVID-19; seek information only from reliable sources, and you can basically take practical steps to prepare your plans and protect yourself and your loved ones. Look for information updates once or twice a day. The sudden and continuous spread of news about the accident can cause concern to everyone. Learn the facts; not gossip and misinformation. Regularly gather information from the WHO website and local health authorities' platforms to help you separate the facts from the rumors. Facts can help minimize fears. This problem applies not only to psychiatrists and other psychiatrists who are fully trained for professionals, but also to cadets and students who need to develop their education as well as possible in the current, radically changing environment. They also need our help. [1].

Materials and Methods

All patients was examined

This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for patients diagnosed with DSM-5 for rapid cycle bipolar disorder. The patients gave their informed, written consent to participate.

The conditions of the conducted researches corresponded to the generally accepted norms of morality, the requirements of ethical and legal norms, as well as the rights, interests and personal dignity of the participants of the studies were observed.

  1. Conducted research is adequate to the topic of research work.
  2. There is no risk for the subject of research.
  3. Participants in the study were informed about the goals, methods, expected benefits of the study and associated with risk and inconvenience in the study.
  4. The subject’s informed consent about participation in the research was received.

The decision of the Ethical Committee at the Azerbaijan  Psychiatric Association on the article of NA. Aliev, Z.N. Aliev “Mental disorders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic” submitted for publication in psychiatric journals: in connection  with  compliance  with its legislative requirements and regulatory documents is  to  approve the article by N.A. Aliyev, Z.N. Aliev “Mental disorders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”.  Patients were observed at the Mental Health Center of the Ministry of Health of      the Republic of Azerbaijan. The study was conducted from January 01, 2020 to 01 of the June 2020 years.

Also we excluded sexually active subjects with active or unstable epilepsy, other genetic syndromes or congenital infections associated with autistic-like syndromes, prematurity; subjects who have been treated within the previous 30 days by any medication known to have a clearly defined potential for toxicity or with any psychotropic drugs; subjects with clinically significant abnormalities in laboratory tests or physical examination; subjects with a history of hypersensitivity or serious side effects associated with the use any drugs A detailed clinical interview with parents by a clinical expert, accompanied by physical examination and blood analysis, was used to ensure that subjects did not meet any exclusion criteria. A structured clinical interview, for DSM-5 Axis I Disorder, Patient Edition, was used to diagnose anxiety disorders, depressions, nosophobia to DSM-5 [2]. Hundred patients (40 men and 60 women) whom we studied were under observation in Mental Clinic for Outpatients of Baku City of Azerbaijan Republic. The length of the washout was 2 weeks. Patients were washout from the all medications. Eligible participants were required to be between 18 and 65 years of age. We excluded serious medical conditions including with other psychiatric disorders (e.g.  bipolar  disorder  II tipi, schizophrenia,  patients  judged  to  be  at  serious  suicidal or homicidal risk, dependence of psychoactive drugs, somatic, neurological illness etc). Also we excluded unstable epilepsy, other genetic syndromes or congenital infections associated with autistic- like syndromes, prematurity; subjects who have been treated within the previous 30 days by any medication known to have a clearly defined potential for toxicity or with any psychotropic drugs; subjects with clinically significant abnormalities in laboratory tests or physical examination; subjects with a history of hypersensitivity or serious side effects associated with the drug use, and subjects who, during the previous 3 months, started new non- pharmacological procedures, such as diet, vitamins and psychosocial therapy. A detailed clinical interview with parents by a clinical expert, accompanied by physical examination and blood analysis, was used to ensure that subjects did not meet any exclusion criteria.

Patients clinically significant of abnormal laboratory or   EEG findings were ineligible. Patients before the study had not used antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, benzodiazepines, SSRI and venlafaxine. Washout of all medicines was two weeks.

Our Follow-up observation (catamnesus) was conducted from January 01, 2020 to June 01, 2020. The results of follow-up observations showed that patients receiving carbamazepine in combination with lithium are in a state in full remission during for 2.5 years.

Choosing of the antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics hypnotics and benzodiazepines conducted according to the Textbook of psychopharmacology fifth edition [3].

 According to the experience of our Azerbaijan State Advanced Training Institute for Doctors named by A. Aliyev, department of psychiatry and drug addiction, mental disorders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic can be divided into several groups:

1. Nozophobia - Fear get infected of COVID-19 (n=30)

2. Anxiety disorders caused by the COVID-19 epidemic. (n=30)

3. Depressions caused by the COVID-19 epidemic. (n=35)

4. Exacerbation of the main diseases of patients with mental disorders as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic (n=3)

5. Therapy of mental disorders that may occur after quarantine.

6. Other mental disorders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic (n=2)

The following treatment methods are recommended for the treatment of mental disorders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

I. Pharmacological groups and approximate doses of drugs

Antidepressants

Amiltriptyline. The starting dose - 20-40 mg / day intramuscular or intravenous . When well tolerated, the daily dose can be increased by 20-40 mg to 100-150 mg. After 7-10 days, when the desired effect is achieved, it is taken orally, in the form of 20 mg injection; the drug is replaced by a per-oral dose of 50 mg.

Venlafaxine.  Intravenous starting dose - 75 mg once daily. If necessary, the dose is gradually increased over 3-4 days. The daily dose is 150-200 mg.

Imipiramine. Intravenously, the starting dose is 25-50 mg / day; the average daily dose is 150-250 mg (in the hospital - up to 300 mg / day). The dose can be increased up to. It is taken orally after the effect is achieved.

Clomipramine. Orally, 25-50 mg 3 times a day. Parenteral 25-50 mg / day can be increased to 100-150 mg / day.

Paroxetine. Intravenously, the initial dose is 10 mg / day, in the absence of the desired effect is increased by 10 mg / day to 40 mg / day; maximum dose— 50 mg / day.

Sertraline. Internal, starting dose— 25 mg / day; After 1 week, the dose is increased to 50 mg / day, if necessary, the dose is gradually increased to a maximum over several days (50 mg / day) - 200 mg / day.

Trazadon. Internally, 75-150 mg / day, 3 times, up to 300-500 mg / day, maximum - 600 mg / day.

Fluxetine. Internally, the starting dose is 20 mg in the morning; if there is no effect, the dose can be increased for several weeks. Overdose of 20 mg / day is taken twice (morning and evening). The maximum daily dose is 80 mg.

Fluvoxamine. Internally, the average dose is 100-200 mg / day, the maximum is 400 mg / day.

Citaloparor. Intravenous, starting dose— 20 mg / day once, maximum— 60 mg / day.

Exitaloprom. Intravenously, the starting dose is a single dose of 10 mg / day, the average daily dose is 20 mg.

II. Anxisolytics

Alprozalam. Internal, single dose - 0.25-0.5 mg, average daily - 1-2 mg, maximum - 4-6 mg / day.

Buspiron. Internally, the starting dose is 15 mg / day, 3 times, if necessary, the dose can be increased by 5 mg every 2-3 days. The average daily dose is 20-30 mg, the maximum single dose is 30 mg, the daily dose is 60 mg.

Tofiozepam. Internally, the starting dose is 50 mg, the average daily dose is 100 mg (50 mg in the morning and 50 mg in the afternoon).

Clonozepam. Internally, in small doses - 0.5-2 mg, medium - 4-8 mg, high - 8-16 mg; maximum daily dose— 20 mg

 Bromdihydrochlorphenylbenzodiazepine (Phenazepam). Internal, single dose - 0.5-1.0 mg, average daily dose - 2-3 mg, maximum - 6-8 mg / day.

Chlordiazepoxide. Internal, single dose— 5-10 mg, average daily dose— 30-50 mg 2-3 times.

IV Neuroleptics

Alimemazine. Internally, the daily dose is 5-10 mg to 60-80 mg (3-4 times), if necessary, the dose can be increased to 200-400 mg / day. The average daily parenteral dose is 40-50 mg (v / d drops), the starting dose is 25 mg / day and can be gradually increased to 75-100 mg / day.

Holoperidol. Internally, 1.5-3 mg / day, 2-3 times a day, the dose can be gradually increased to 10-15 mg / day, if necessary, 10-15 mg / day; supportive dose— 0.5-5 mg / day. A / d 5-10 mg 2-3 times a day for several days, maximum— 40 mg / day.

Levopromazine. Intravenously, 12.5-50 mg / day to 50-100 mg / day, if necessary 300-400 mg / day parenterally, 25-75 mg / day, then the dose is 100-300 mg / day, 3 times a day , v / d 75-100 mg / day.

Persianazin. Internal, starting dose— 10 mg / day, average daily dose— 30-40 mg, 2-4 times, maximum— 50-100 mg / day.

Sulprid. Internal, oral, intravenous, single dose - 50-100 mg / day, average daily dose - 100-600 mg, maximum dose - 1200 mg / day.

Tioridazine. Internally, the starting dose is 75-200, the average daily dose is 600 mg / day (several receptions), the maximum daily dose in an inpatient setting is 800 mg.

Chlorpromazine.  Internally, the starting dose - 25-75 mg / day, gradually increasing the dose to the average daily - 300-600 mg, 3-4 intravenously.

V. Normothymics

Valproate sodium. Internally, starting at 150-300 mg / day, gradually increasing to 600-1200 mg / day.

Lithium carbonate. Orally, the average dose is 300-900 mg / day 3 times a day (prolong foramen 1 g once a day)

Duration of treatment

The duration of outpatient, including supportive care, ranges from 1 to 2 months. The duration of inpatient treatment is 30-40. Then semi-inpatient and supportive care is provided.

VI. Different types of psychotherapy are applied.

Psychotherapeutic methods used in depression:

• Cognitive therapy (CT; Beck, 1963, 1964, 1976; Beck, Rusk, Shaw & Emery, 1979);

• Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPP; Clerman, Weissman, Rounsaville & Chevron, 1984),

• Cognitive-behavioral analytical systemic psychotherapy (KDSP, McCullough et al., 1996)

• Cognitive analytical psychotherapy (QAP, Ryle, 1997).

VII. Non-drug treatment methods

• Plants with antidepressant properties

• Ginseng tincture.

• Aralia tincture. (Shrub plant with broom-like flowers and large leaves.

• Novopassit consists of plant components (coconut, pistachio, hops, hawthorn, cucumber (honey mint, lemon)), hibiscus (tropical plant with large red flowers), black peony.

• Persen is made from herbs with antidepressant properties (cucumber, peppermint, chicory).

• Tincture of cinnamon lemon.

Treatment of borderline mental disorders with electrotherapy, hydro- and phototherapy, hyperbaric oxygenation, acupuncture-reflexology, vibromassage, relaxation, massage, gymnastics, deprivation of sleep deprivation.

Electrotherapy: galvanotherapy, electro-sleep, electropuncture

• Hydrotherapy

• Shower - dusty, rainy, needle, circular, shield shower - intermediate area, Charcoal fountain shower, Scottish shower (hot 38-420 C and cold 13-220 C, question shower massage,

• Baths - local, whirlpool, contrast, oxygen, turpentine

• Russian bath - filled with water vapor, the air temperature should be 40-50 ° С.

• Roman bath - dry hot air is supplied either on the floor or in the holes in the wall.

• Turkish bath - the air temperature should be 40-50 ° С. Humidity is regulated by heating water in the boiler.

• Finnish bath (sauna) - the air temperature is 70-100 ° С, the temperature difference between the floor and the ceiling is 60 ° С, the relative humidity is 10-15%.

Phototherapy - laser, infrared, ultraviolet radiation treatment and prevention. The mechanism of action of phototherapy is based on the reactions of photo physical and photochemical effects by the tissues of the body.

Hyperbaric oxygenation - increases the passive pressure of oxygen in the tissues under an elevated atmosphere.

Rubdown

Massage is the oldest physical means of affecting the body. Represents a generalized reflex reaction of the organism to some extent in the tissues under the influence of local mechanics. Stimulates the adaptive-trophic functions of the autonomic nervous system due to some biologically active substances (histamine, acetylcholine, etc.) in the humoral environment in the tissues. As a result of the massage, blood and lymph circulation improves. Muscle tone and elasticity, contraction functions increase, resulting in improved muscle function. Massage is applied by hand and apparatus. There are two types of massage: classic and segmental - reflector. Classical therapeutic massage is usually applied every day. The main methods of classical therapeutic massage: rubbing (rubbing), rubbing, rubbing and vibrating. Usually 10-12 courses are conducted, repeated after two months.

Discussion

We are all responsible for reducing our own risk of infection, and if we become infected, for reducing the risk of infection for others. Each of us can do something to protect vulnerable people in our communities. That is why we continue to talk about solidarity. This is not just a threat to individuals or countries. We are all together, and we can save lives only together [4]

For psychiatrists, this means solidarity with our patients, solidarity with their families, solidarity with our multidisciplinary colleagues and, most of all, solidarity with each other. We need each other now.

COVID-19 is the most serious public health problem that most of us have ever encountered, and hopefully this will be the worst we will ever face in the future. How psychiatry reacts to this situation will play a large role in determining the nature and role of psychiatry in the coming years. The message from the history of psychiatry is clear: we can accept this challenge.

Royal College of Psychiatrists core values ​​are courage, innovation, respect, collaboration, training and excellence. The COVID-19 pandemic requires that we urgently translate all these values ​​into action. COVID-19 requires no less. Our patients need us now, more than ever [5].

The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious health crisis affecting several countries: to date, more than 720,000 cases and 33,000 confirmed deaths have been reported. Such widespread outbreaks are associated with adverse mental health effects. With this in mind, the existing literature on COVID-19 related to mental health was found by searching the literature in the PubMed database. Published articles have been classified according to their general topics and summarized. Preliminary evidence suggests that symptoms of anxiety and depression (16–28%) and stress self-esteem (8%) are common psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and may be associated with sleep disturbance. A number of individual and structural variables mitigate this risk. When planning services for such population groups, the needs of the relevant people and the necessary preventive instructions should be taken into account. Available literature came from only a few affected countries and may not reflect the experience of people living in other parts of the world. In conclusion, sub-syndromic mental health problems are a common reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic. More representative studies are needed in other affected countries, especially in vulnerable populations [6]. 

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a profound effect on all aspects of society, including mental health and physical health. We explore the psychological, social, and neuroscientific effects of COVID-19 and set out the immediate priorities and longer-term strategies for mental health science research. These priorities were informed by surveys of the public and an expert panel convened by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences and the mental health research charity, MQ: Transforming Mental Health, in the first weeks of the pandemic in the UK in March, 2020. We urge UK research funding agencies to work with researchers, people with lived experience, and others to establish a high level coordination group to ensure that these research priorities are addressed, and to allow new ones to be identified over time. The need to maintain high-quality research standards is imperative. International collaboration and a global perspective will be beneficial. An immediate priority is collecting high-quality data on the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic across the whole population and vulnerable groups, and on brain function, cognition, and mental health of patients with COVID-19. There is an urgent need for research to address how mental health consequences for vulnerable groups can be mitigated under pandemic conditions, and on the impact of repeated media consumption and health messaging around COVID-19. Discovery, evaluation, and refinement of mechanistically driven interventions to address the psychological, social, and neuroscientific aspects of the pandemic are required [Emily A Holmes, Rory C O’Connor, V Hugh Perry et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science [7].

To analyze mental health interventions / actions targeted at healthcare providers who assist patients with suspected or diagnosed COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic forces healthcare providers to manage their mental health and the mental health of patients. It is important to know and reflect on country initiatives to support the mental health of healthcare providers during a pandemic, and to help rethink the planning, implementation, and evaluation of strategies to be used in Brazil. Mental health activities that supported the care of health workers who are at the forefront of care, especially those based on identifying the disease, proper use of personal protective equipment, and mapping of these emotionally weakened specialists, could be listed. and / or mental distress before the pandemic, in addition to the emotional support offered through digital platforms [8].

History and Discovery, structure-activity relationships, pharmacological profiles, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and disposition, indications and efficacy response, side effects and toxicology, drug-drug interactions antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics hypnotics and benzodiazepines are described in detail in the literature [3]. Therefore, we will not dwell on them.

Conclusion

Psychopharmacological Treatment of Depression, Anxiety and Related Disorders,   Insomnia in Mental disorders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is necessary. Treatment should be 1-2 months, with low doses of the above drugs. Our Follow-up observation (catamnesus) was showed that patients receiving are in a state in full remission.  Treatment tactics of mental disorders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic should target the underlying psychopathological syndrome.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank staff of the Mental Health Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Azerbaijan

References

Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.

img

Virginia E. Koenig

Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.

img

Delcio G Silva Junior

Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.

img

Ziemlé Clément Méda

Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.

img

Mina Sherif Soliman Georgy

We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.

img

Layla Shojaie

The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.

img

Sing-yung Wu

Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.

img

Orlando Villarreal

Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.

img

Katarzyna Byczkowska

Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.

img

Anthony Kodzo-Grey Venyo

Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.

img

Pedro Marques Gomes

Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.

img

Bernard Terkimbi Utoo

This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.

img

Prof Sherif W Mansour

Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.

img

Hao Jiang

As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.

img

Dr Shiming Tang

Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.

img

Raed Mualem

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.

img

Andreas Filippaios

Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.

img

Dr Suramya Dhamija

Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.

img

Bruno Chauffert

I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!

img

Baheci Selen

"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".

img

Jesus Simal-Gandara

I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.

img

Douglas Miyazaki

We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.

img

Dr Griffith

I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.

img

Dr Tong Ming Liu

I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.

img

Husain Taha Radhi

I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.

img

S Munshi

Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.

img

Tania Munoz

“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.

img

George Varvatsoulias

Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.

img

Rui Tao

Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.

img

Khurram Arshad